Why We Get Hiccups
Hiccups are sudden, involuntary contractions (spasms) of the diaphragm—the large muscle beneath your lungs that helps you breathe. Immediately after the diaphragm contracts, your vocal cords snap shut, producing the familiar “hic” sound.
How hiccups happen
- The diaphragm suddenly contracts.
- Air rushes quickly into your lungs.
- Your vocal cords close almost instantly.
- The “hic” sound is produced.
Common causes of hiccups
- Eating too quickly
- Overeating
- Drinking carbonated beverages
- Swallowing too much air
- Drinking alcohol
- Eating spicy foods
- Sudden temperature changes in food or drinks
- Emotional stress or excitement
- Laughing excessively
Why do they usually stop?
Most hiccups last only a few minutes because the nerves controlling the diaphragm return to their normal rhythm. The brain then restores regular breathing.
How to stop hiccups
- Hold your breath for 10–20 seconds.
- Sip cold water slowly.
- Swallow a teaspoon of sugar or honey (if appropriate for your diet).
- Breathe slowly into a paper bag for a few breaths (never use a plastic bag and avoid this if you have heart or lung disease).
- Pull your knees toward your chest while sitting.
- Avoid eating or drinking too quickly.
When should you see a doctor?
Seek medical advice if hiccups:
- Last longer than 48 hours.
- Keep returning frequently.
- Make it difficult to eat, drink, or sleep.
- Are accompanied by severe pain, vomiting, or neurological symptoms.
Persistent hiccups can sometimes be caused by underlying conditions affecting the nerves, brain, digestive system, or certain medications.
Fun fact
Babies often get hiccups—even before they’re born. Scientists believe fetal hiccups may help the breathing muscles develop before birth.
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